Establishing Color Classification with Spectrophotometric Analysis: Measuring the Quality of Fruit

Determining ripeness of a fruit through color is usually the first factor that consumers consider when purchasing fresh produce. Color says a lot about a product, and measuring color as it is seen by the human eye is necessary to create consistency from field, to warehouse, to produce aisle. Color classification of both pre- and post- harvest fruits using spectrophotometric analysis can provide valuable information that fruit producers can use to speed up processing and increase quality and consumer satisfaction.

Color is the first factor consumers consider when selecting fresh produce. Image Source: Flickr user USDAgov

The ability to measure specific attributes of ripeness through color classification can dictate appropriate ripening and storage conditions, which allow fruit producers to ship products that will peak in ripeness at the optimal time. These qualities are essential for maximizing shelf-life and increasing sales.

Non-destructive methods of analysis

Many studies have been conducted to compare destructive methods of analysis with spectrophotometric analysis. Findings show that spectrophotometric analysis can quantify data that directly correlates with the sugar content of the fruit, allowing for proper pre- and post- harvesting conditions. Spectrophotometers can measure these attributes using non-destructive methods and are both durable and portable enough to withstand field analysis methods. This data can then be used to set up a color classification system prior to warehouse shipment, saving both time and resources along the way.

In fruits such as kiwis, external color is not always the best indicator for ripeness. Spectrophotometric analysis can “see” the internal properties of the fruit and provide valuable data both pre- and post- harvest. Image Source: Flickr user Swallowtail Garden Seeds

Spectral analysis works by measuring the transmittance of light as it enters the fruit and interacts with the flesh within. The information provided is invaluable for developing a color classification system, plus this method is extremely efficient and reliable. The process even allows for direct color monitoring of fruits on the tree or vine, and can help determine prime harvesting conditions.

Using the most effective color measurement system

When measuring color using spectral analysis, it is important to understand the differences in color values and instrumentation. Spectral data is determined by measuring the distance in color spaces in order to quantify an exact color reference. Non-uniform color measurement systems are dependent on the specific positions of colors in space and can appear differently based on human perception. However, “uniform spaces like CIELAB or Hunter L,a,b define distances that produce the same differences in perception regardless of the position of the colors, and for this reason they are very well suited for color comparison.”

Being able to measure fruits directly from the tree or vine can ensure that proper harvesting times are achieved so that fruits can maintain quality and freshness all the way to the produce market. Image Source: Flickr user Damian Gadal

Instrumental analysis can quickly and accurately quantify data and remove the subjectivity of human perception. This is extremely important for creating consistency and cohesiveness in post-harvest batches, as well as measuring the overall uniformity of color. Fruits such as peaches, mangos, and apples often have a secondary color present. Spectrophotometric analysis can help determine a color average to help maintain the consistency of these products.

Spectrophotometric instrumentation                           

Advanced spectrophotometry offers the most state-of-the-art technology for establishing a color classification system. These durable and portable tools are specifically calibrated to provide specific data according to each individual product need. HunterLab is a leading innovator in color technology and has many years of experience working with agricultural industries and researchers. We have developed a system that uses high-quality instrumentation that is uniquely adaptable to individual needs. Our support staff works to help our clients utilize their color measurement tools to their full potential. For more information on establishing a color classification system or using spectrophotometry in your business, contact HunterLab today.